phlegm

• n. 喀痰；粘液；粘液

ラテン語のphlegma、痰、粘液（古代医学の体液説によれば、血液、粘液、胆汁、黒胆汁の4つの体液のうちの1つ）、ギリシャ語のphlegma、熱、体温によって引き起こされる痰のからんだ状態、phlegein、燃える、熱くなる、PIE*bhel、輝く、燃える、語源はblaze、漂白剤と同じ。中世の医学理論では、体内の過剰な痰が冷えやだるさを引き起こすとされていたが、冷静さや落ち着きの表れとしての冷えと誤解され、曖昧で矛盾した語義が生まれた。

phlegm

phlegm: [14] Greek phlégma denoted ‘bodily fluid produced by inflammation’ (it was a derivative of phlégein ‘burn’, which went back to the same Indo-European base as produced English flagrant, flame, fulminate, and phlox [18] – in Greek literally ‘flame’). As Latin phlegma it came to be used for ‘body fluid’ in general, and was incorporated into the medieval system of bodily humours as a term for the ‘cold moist humour’, which induced sluggishness (whence the meaning of the derivative phlegmatic [16]).

This came to be associated in the late Middle Ages with ‘mucus, particularly as produced in the respiratory passage’. English acquired the word via Old French fleume as fleume, and did not revert to the latinate form until the 16th century.
=> flagrant, flame, fulminate, phlox

phlegm (n.)

late 14c., fleem "viscid mucus" (the stuff itself and also regarded as a bodily humor), from Old French fleume (13c., Modern French flegme), from Late Latin phlegma, one of the four humors of the body, from Greek phlegma "humor caused by heat," lit "inflammation, heat," from phlegein "to burn," related to phlox (genitive phlogos) "flame, blaze," from PIE *bhleg- "to shine, flash," from root *bhel- (1) "to shine, flash, burn" (see bleach (v.)). Modern form is attested from c. 1660. The "cold, moist" humor of the body, in medieval physiology, it was believed to cause apathy.

1. His throat congested with phlegm .

彼の喉は痰で塞がれていた。

2.Blood in phlegm can be a sign of lung cancer.

痰中の帯血は肺癌の徴候である可能性がある。

3.When did you first notice blood in your phlegm ？

いつから痰に血が入っているのを見つけ始めましたか。

4.He coughs up a lot of phlegm thick spit on most days.

彼は大半の時間に濃い痰を吐き出した。

5.Slight yellow greasy coating indicates much phlegm and dampness.

微黄厚蓚苔--有形痰湿を多く内生する.