pin: [OE] Latin pinna (a probable relative of English fin) meant ‘wing, feather, pointed peak’. Amongst its derivatives were the diminutive pinnāculum, which has given English pinnacle [14] and, via French, panache [16] (which originally meant ‘plume of feathers’), pinnātus ‘feathered, winged’, source of English pinnate [18], and Vulgar Latin *pinniō, from which English gets pinion ‘wing’ [15]. Pinna itself was borrowed into Old English as pinn, and it was used for ‘peg’ (a sense which survives in various technical contexts); the application to a ‘small thin metal fastener’ did not emerge until the 14th century.
A pinafore [18] is etymologically a garment that is ‘pinned afore’, that is, ‘pinned to the front of a dress to protect it’. => fin, panache, pinafore, pinion, pinnacle
pin (n.)
late Old English pinn "peg, bolt," from Proto-Germanic *penn- "jutting point or peak" (cognates: Old Saxon pin "peg," Old Norse pinni "peg, tack," Middle Dutch pin "pin, peg," Old High German pfinn, German Pinne "pin, tack") from Latin pinna "a feather, plume;" in plural "a wing;" also "fin, scoop of a water wheel;" also "a pinnacle; a promontory, cape; battlement" (as in Luke iv:9 in Vulgate) and so applied to "points" of various sorts, from PIE *pet- (see pen (n.1)).
Latin pinna and penna "a feather, plume," in plural "a wing," are treated as identical in Watkins, etc., but regarded as separate (but confused) Latin words by Tucker and others, who derive pinna from PIE *spei- "sharp point" (see spike (n.1)) and see the "feather/wing" sense as secondary.
The modern slender wire pin is first attested by this name late 14c. Transferred sense of "leg" is recorded from 1520s and hold the older sense. Pin-money "annual sum allotted to a woman for personal expenses on dress, etc." is attested from 1620s. Pins and needles "tingling sensation" is from 1810. The sound of a pin dropping as a type of something all but silent is from 1775.
PIN
acronym for personal identification number, 1981, from the first reference used with redundant number.
pin (v.)
mid-14c., "to affix with a pin," from pin (n.). Figurative use from 1570s. Related: Pinned; pinning. Sense of "to hold someone or something down so he or it cannot escape" is attested from 1740. In U.S., as a reference to the bestowal of a fraternity pin on a female student as an indication of a relationship, it is attested by 1938. Phrase pin down "define" is from 1951.
例文
1. She 'd do anything for a bit of pin money.
外の速さを稼ぐために、彼女は何でもしようとした。
2.It has taken until now to pin down its exact location.
正確な位置が特定されたのは、今になって初めてです。
3.Zita was herself unconventional，keeping a safety- pin stuck through her ear lobe.
斉塔自身は伝統を守らず、耳たぶにピンを1本穿いた。
4.Cleanse your face thoroughly and pin back your hair.
顔をきれいに洗い、髪を後ろに止めます。
5.Data recorders also pin -point mechanical faults rapidly，reducing repair times.データレコーダは機械的故障を迅速に究明し、修理回数を減らすことができる。