plightの意味・使い方・発音

plight

英 [plaɪt] 美 [plaɪt]

誓い、誓約、婚約。

古英語のpliht（危険な約束、危険、リスク）から、原語ゲルマン語*pleg（約束、責任、保証）から、PIE*dlegh（忙しくする、従事する、責任を負う、約束する）から、PIE*del（長い、語源的にはlong、play、pledgeと同じ）。窮状

窮状

古フランス語のpleit「状況」から、ラテン語のplicare「巻き込む」「巻き込まれる」、ply「複雑な」から。後に主に悪い状況で使われ、plight「苦境」から。この単語の意味は、前の単語の意味に影響されている部分がある。

plight: plight: see pleat
plight (v.): "to pledge" (obsolete except in archaic plight one's troth), from Old English pligtan, plihtan "to endanger, imperil, compromise," verb form of pliht (n.) "danger, risk" (see plight (n.2)). Related: Plighted; plighting.
plight (n.1): "condition or state (usually bad)," late 12c., "danger, harm, strife," from Anglo-French plit, pleit, Old French pleit, ploit "condition" (13c.), originally "way of folding," from Vulgar Latin *plictum, from Latin plicitum, neuter past participle of Latin plicare "to fold, lay" (see ply (v.1)).

Originally in neutral sense (as in modern French en bon plit "in good condition"), sense of "harmful state" (and current spelling) probably is from convergence and confusion with plight (n.2) via notion of "entangling risk, pledge or promise with great risk to the pledger."
plight (n.2): "pledge," mid-13c., "pledge, promise," usually involving risk or loss in default, from Old English pliht "danger, risk, peril, damage," from Proto-Germanic *pleg- (cognates: Old Frisian plicht "danger, concern, care," Middle Dutch, Dutch plicht "obligation, duty," Old High German pfliht, German Pflicht "obligation, duty" (see plight (v.)). Compare Old English plihtere "look-out man at the prow of a ship," plihtlic "perilous, dangerous."

1. The country 's economic plight is strangling its scientific institutions.: 同国の経済的苦境は、その科学研究機関の仕事の進展を阻害している。

2.He just wants to draw attention to the plight of the unemployed.: 失業者の苦境に注目したいだけだ。

3.They bore their plight with stoicism and fortitude.: 彼らは堅忍剛毅な精神で苦境に直面している。

4.The plight of the Kurds gained global visibility.

クルド人の苦難が世界の注目を集めている。dd>