pound

• n. ドキドキする、ドキドキする音；ペン；拘置所
• vt.叩く；叩く；投獄する；拘留する
• vi.叩き続ける；叩く
• n. （パウンド）人名；（英）Pound

古英語のpund, pound, 英国ポンド, 原語ゲルマン語*のpunda, poundから, ラテン語のpondo, weightから借用, pendere, 吊るす, 重さを量る, 語源振り子, 熟慮.

古英語のpunian「打つ」、西ゲルマン語の*puno「打つ」、「打ち砕く」から、おそらく擬音語。 dを挿入し、sonar（音）と比較。

語源は不確かで、pundfald, corral, fenceのような古英語の複合語にのみ存在し、古英語のpyndan, to close, dam, enclose water, pond, pondと同じ起源を持つ。最終的な語源はおそらくbendと同じであろう。

pound

pound: English has three distinct words pound. The measure of weight and unit of currency [OE] goes back ultimately to Latin pondō ‘12- ounce weight’, a relative of pondus ‘weight’ (source of English ponder) and pendere ‘weigh’ (source of English pension and poise). It was borrowed into prehistoric Germanic as *pundo, which has evolved into German pfund.

Dutch pond, Swedish pund, and English pound. Its monetary use comes from the notion of a ‘pound’ weight of silver. Pound ‘enclosure’ [14] is of unknown origin. It existed in Old English times in the compound pundfald, which has become modern English pinfold, and pond is a variant form of it. Pound ‘crush’ [OE] is almost equally mysterious.

In Old English it was pūnian (it did not acquire its final d until the 16th century, in fact), and it has been traced back to a Germanic *pūn-, which also produced Dutch puin ‘rubbish’.
=> pendant, pension, poise, ponder; pinfold, pond

pound (n.1)

measure of weight, Old English pund "pound" (in weight or money), also "pint," from Proto-Germanic *punda- "pound" as a measure of weight (source of Gothic pund, Old High German phunt, German Pfund, Middle Dutch pont, Old Frisian and Old Norse pund), early borrowing from Latin pondo "pound," originally in libra pondo "a pound by weight," from pondo (adv.) "by weight," ablative of *pondus "weight" (see span (v.)). Meaning "unit of money" was in Old English, originally "pound of silver."

At first "12 ounces;" meaning "16 ounces" was established before late 14c. Pound cake (1747) so called because it has a pound, more or less, of each ingredient. Pound of flesh is from "Merchant of Venice" IV.i. The abbreviations lb., ￡ are from libra, and reflect the medieval custom of keeping accounts in Latin.

pound (n.2)

"enclosed place for animals," late 14c., from a late Old English word attested in compounds (such as pundfald "penfold, pound"), related to pyndan "to dam up, enclose (water)," and thus from the same root as pond. Ultimate origin unknown; some sources indicate a possible root *bend meaning "protruding point" found only in Celtic and Germanic.

pound (v.)

"hit repeatedly," from Middle English pounen, from Old English punian "crush, pulverize, beat, bruise," from West Germanic *puno- (cognates: Low German pun, Dutch puin "fragments"). With intrusive -d- from 16c. Sense of "beat, thrash" is from 1790. Related: Pounded; pounding.

1. The one thousand pound bomb was triggereed by a wire.

その重さ1000ポンドの爆弾は1本の導線によって引き起こされた。

2.There was a sharp fall in the value of the pound .

ポンドが大幅に下落した。

3.The drop was caused partly by the pound 's strength against the dollar.

下落の原因の一部は、ポンドの対ドル切り上げにある。

4.Beef now costs well over 30 roubles a pound .

牛肉は現在、1ポンドあたり30ルーブル以上売れている。

5.Integrating the pound with other European currencies could cause difficulties.

ポンドを欧州の他の通貨と統合すると、多くの難題が発生します。