prune

• vi. 取り除く；減らす
• vt. 剪定する；取り除く；切り取る
• n. 深い赤紫色；愚か者；梅干し
• n.（プルーン）人名；（ロ）プルーン

ラテン語のpruna、plum、ギリシャ語のproumnon、plumから。

古フランス語のproignierから、枝を切る、鳥の羽を刈る、pro-, forward, rotundus, roundから、語源的にはroundと同じ、回転する。 丸みを帯びても、枝を切り落とす、語源的には刈り込む、皮を剥ぐなど。tは脱落し、gが習慣的に挿入される。

prune

prune: English has two distinct words prune. The older, ‘dried plum’ [14], is ultimately the same word as plum, and indeed in the 16th and 17th century was often used for ‘plum’. It comes via Old French prune from Vulgar Latin *prūna, which also gave English (through Germanic) plum. Prune ‘cut off unneeded parts’ [15] denotes etymologically ‘cut in a rounded shape in front’. It comes via Old French proignier from Vulgar Latin *prōrotundiāre, a compound verb formed from the Latin prefix prō- ‘in front’ and rotundus ‘round’ (source of English rotund and round).
=> plum; rotund, round

prune (n.)

mid-14c., "a plum," also "a dried plum" (c. 1200 in place name Prunhill), from Old French pronne "plum" (13c.), from Vulgar Latin *pruna, fem. singular formed from Latin pruna, neuter plural of prunum "a plum," by dissimilation from Greek proumnon, from a language of Asia Minor. Slang meaning "disagreeable or disliked person" is from 1895. Prune juice is from 1807.

prune (v.)

early 15c., prouyne, from Old French proignier "cut back (vines), prune" (Modern French provigner), of unknown origin. Perhaps [Watkins] from Gallo-Roman *pro-retundiare "cut in a rounded shape in front," from pro- "forth" (see pro-) + *retundiare "round off," from Latin rotundus (see round (adj.)). Klein suggests the Old French word is from provain "layer of a vine," from Latin propago (see prop (n.1)).

Or the Middle English word might be identical with the falconry term proinen, proynen "trim the feather with the beak" (late 14c.), source of preen [Barnhart]. Related: Pruned; pruning. Pruning hook is from 1610s; pruning knife from 1580s.

1. You have to prune a bush if you want fruit.

灌木を結果にしたい場合は、剪定を行わなければなりません。

2. Prune rambling roses when the flowers have faded.

花が散ったら雑生したバラの枝を切ります。

3.There is no best way to prune .

最良のトリミング方法はありません。

4.When should you prune apple trees？

リンゴの木はいつ枝を切るべきですか。

5.Compare clip，pare， prune ，trim and shave.

clip，pare， prune ，trim，shaveのいくつかの語を比較してみる。