rampart: [16] Rampart, which means etymologically ‘fortified place’, has a very convoluted history. Its ultimate ancestor is Latin parāre ‘prepare’ (source of English prepare). To this was added the prefix ante- ‘before’ to produce the Vulgar Latin verb *anteparāre ‘prepare for defence’. This passed via Proven?al amparar into Old French as emparer ‘defend, fortify’, which had the intensive re- prefixed to it, giving remparer ‘fortify’. From this was derived the noun remper or ramper, which was altered (apparently under the influence of boulevart, source of English boulevard) to rempart or rampart – whence English rampart. => prepare
rampart (n.)
"earthen elevation around a place for fortification," sometimes also including parapets, 1580s, from Middle French rempart, rampart, from remparer "to fortify," from re- "again" (see re-) + emparer "fortify, take possession of," from Old Proven?al amparer, from Vulgar Latin *anteparare "prepare," properly "to make preparations beforehand," from Latin ante- "before" (see ante) + parare "prepare" (see pare). With excrescent -t in French, perhaps by influence of boulevart (see boulevard).
例文
1. A mole can undermine the strongest rampart .
1匹の野良ネズミは最も堅固な砦を破壊することができる.
2.There is guard toing-and-froing along the rampart .
城に沿って歩き回っている衛兵がいる。
3.Perhaps the tower is part of the rampart of the city.
この城楼は城壁の一部かもしれない。
4.Yes，an iron rampart ，"he repeated，relishing his phrase.
はい、銅壁鉄壁です，"彼は自分が使っているこの言葉をとても気に入って、もう一度繰り返しました.
5.To our right rose the high rampart of the dunes.