early 15c., "one who rings" (a bell), agent noun from ring (v.1). In quoits (and by extension, horseshoes) from 1863, from ring (v.2). Especially in be a dead ringer for "resemble closely," 1891, from ringer, a fast horse entered fraudulently in a race in place of a slow one (the verb to ring in this sense is attested from 1812), possibly from British ring in "substitute, exchange," via ring the changes, "substitute counterfeit money for good," a pun on ring the changes in the sense of play the regular series of variations in a peal of bells (1610s). Meaning "expert" is first recorded 1918, Australian slang, from earlier meaning "man who shears the most sheep per day" (1871).
例文
1. She 's a dead ringer for a girl I used to know.
彼女は以前私が知っていた女の子に似ている。
2.That man is a ringer for so-and-so.
あの人は誰かに似ている.
3.Oh my God，your boyfriend dead ringer for Tom Cruise！
ああ、なんてことだ、あなたのボーイフレンドはトムによく似ていますか？クルス！
4.Twenty-four animals were randomized into control，lactated Ringer 's solution and HES groups.