robot: [20] Robot is a Czech contribution to English. It comes from robota ‘forced labour, drudgery’, a word related to German arbeit ‘work’. It was used by the Czech dramatist Karel ?apek in his play R.U.R. (Rossum’s Universal Robots) 1920 for ‘mechanical people constructed to do menial tasks’. English acquired it via German robot, and the first record of it in an English text comes from 1923.
robot (n.)
1923, from English translation of 1920 play "R.U.R." ("Rossum's Universal Robots"), by Karel Capek (1890-1938), from Czech robotnik "slave," from robota "forced labor, compulsory service, drudgery," from robotiti "to work, drudge," from an Old Czech source akin to Old Church Slavonic rabota "servitude," from rabu "slave," from Old Slavic *orbu-, from PIE *orbh- "pass from one status to another" (see orphan). The Slavic word thus is a cousin to German Arbeit "work" (Old High German arabeit). According to Rawson the word was popularized by Karel Capek's play, "but was coined by his brother Josef (the two often collaborated), who used it initially in a short story."
例文
1. They have docked a robot module alongside the orbiting space station.
彼らはすでに自動操作室を軌道に沿って運行する宇宙ステーションと並行してドッキングしている。
2.They built a robot capable of understanding spoken commands.
彼らは口頭命令が分かるロボットを作った。
3.She worked like a robot .
彼女はロボットのように働いている。
4.The robot is a marvel of modern engineering.
ロボットは現代工学技術の奇跡である。
5.Also from the Slavonic family of languages comes " robot "、a Czech word in origin.