rocket

• vi.速度を上げる、急速に動く、急速に増加する。
• ロケット
• vt.ロケットで運ぶ

イタリア語のrocchettoから、回転する紡錘、紡錘、花火、ロケット、原語ゲルマン語*rukkonから、振る、回転する、PIE*rugから、回転する、語源的にはrock.-ettoと同じ、短縮接尾辞。花火やロケットの形が紡錘形に似ていることから名付けられた。

rocket

rocket: English has two words rocket. The older, and now less familiar, is the name of a plant of the cabbage family whose leaves are used in salads. It was inspired by the plant’s downy stems, for it goes back ultimately to Latin ērūca, which originally meant ‘hairy caterpillar’. This may have been related to ērīcius ‘hedgehog’, from which English gets caprice and urchin.

It passed into Italian as ruca, whose diminutive form ruchetta developed a variant rochetta – whence French roquette and finally English rocket [16]. Rocket ‘projectile’ [17] is ultimately an allusion to the shape of such objects. It comes via Old French roquette from Italian rocchetto, a diminutive form of rocca ‘spool’ – hence the application to the ‘cylindrical’ rocket. Rocca itself represents a borrowing from a prehistoric Germanic *rukkon, which also lies behind English ratchet.
=> caprice, urchin; ratchet

rocket (n.1)

garden plant of the cabbage family, c. 1500, from Middle French roquette (16c.), from Italian rochetta, diminutive of ruca "a kind of cabbage," from Latin eruca "colewort," perhaps so called for its downy stems and related to ericus "hedgehog," also "a beam set with spikes," from PIE *ghers- "to bristle" (see horror).

rocket (n.2)

type of self-propelling projectile, 1610s, from Italian rocchetto "a rocket," literally "a bobbin," diminutive of rocca "a distaff," so called because of cylindrical shape. The Italian word probably is from a Germanic source (compare Old High German rocko "distaff," Old Norse rokkr), from Proto-Germanic *rukkon-, from PIE root *rug- "fabric, spun yarn."

Originally "fireworks rocket," meaning "device propelled by a rocket engine" first recorded 1919; rocket-ship in the modern sense first attested February 1927 ("Popular Science"); earlier as a type of naval warship firing projectiles. Rocket science in the figurative sense of "difficult, complex process or topic" is attested by 1985. Rocket scientist is from 1952.

That such a feat is considered within the range of possibility is evidenced by the activities of scientists in Europe as well as in America. Two of them, Prof. Herman Oberth and Dr. Franz Hoeff, of Vienna, are constructing a five-ton rocket ship in which they hope to reach the moon in two days. ["Popular Science," Feb. 1927]

rocket (v.)

"to spring like a rocket," 1860, from rocket (n.2). Earlier "to attack with rockets" (1799). Related: Rocketed; rocketing.

1. AデルタII rocket was launched from Cape Canavelal early this morning.

今朝、カナベラル角で「デルタ」II型ロケットが打ち上げられた。

2.The Ariane space- rocket project has had a shining success.

アリアン宇宙ロケットプロジェクトは輝かしい成功を収めた。

3.First a house took a direct hit and then the rocket exploded.

まず1軒の家が直撃され、ロケット弾が爆発した。

4.Interviewing politicians may not be rocket science,but it does matter.

政治家にインタビューするのは難しいことではないかもしれませんが、確かに重要です。

5.The rocket tumbled out of control shortly after lift-off.

打ち上げ直後、ロケットは暴走して墜落した。