school: School for teaching [OE] and school of fish [14] are different words. The former was borrowed into prehistoric Germanic from medieval Latin scōla, and has since evolved into German schule, Dutch school, Swedish skola, and Danish skole, as well as English school. The medieval Latin word itself goes back via classical Latin schola to Greek skholé.
This originally denoted ‘leisure’, and only gradually developed through ‘leisure used for intellectual argument or education’ and ‘lecture’ to ‘school’ (in the sense ‘educational assembly’) and finally ‘school’ the building. The Latin word has spread throughout Europe, not just in the Romance languages (French école, Italian scuola, Spanish escuela), but also into Welsh ysgol, Irish scoil, Latvian skuola, Russian shkola, Polish szkola, etc.
Derivatives of the Latin word in English include scholar [14] and scholastic [16]. School of fish was borrowed from Middle Dutch schōle ‘troop, group’. This went back to a prehistoric West Germanic *skulo, which may have been derived from the base *skal-, *skel-, *skul- ‘split, divide’ (source also of English scale, scalp, shell, etc); if so, it would mean etymologically a ‘division’. => scholar, scholastic; shoal
school (n.1)
"place of instruction," Old English scol, from Latin schola "intermission of work, leisure for learning; learned conversation, debate; lecture; meeting place for teachers and students, place of instruction; disciples of a teacher, body of followers, sect," from Greek skhole "spare time, leisure, rest ease; idleness; that in which leisure is employed; learned discussion;" also "a place for lectures, school;" originally "a holding back, a keeping clear," from skhein "to get" (from PIE root *segh- "to hold, hold in one's power, to have;" see scheme (n.)) + -ole by analogy with bole "a throw," stole "outfit," etc.
The original notion is "leisure," which passed to "otiose discussion" (in Athens or Rome the favorite or proper use for free time), then "place for such discussion." The Latin word was widely borrowed (Old French escole, French école, Spanish escuela, Italian scuola, Old High German scuola, German Schule, Swedish skola, Gaelic sgiol, Welsh ysgol, Russian shkola). Translated in Old English as larhus, literally "lore house," but this seems to have been a glossary word only.
Meaning "students attending a school" in English is attested from c. 1300; sense of "school building" is first recorded 1590s. Sense of "people united by a general similarity of principles and methods" is from 1610s; hence school of thought (1864). School of hard knocks "rough experience in life" is recorded from 1912 (in George Ade); to tell tales out of school "betray damaging secrets" is from 1540s. School bus is from 1908. School days is from 1590s. School board from 1870.
school (n.2)
"group of fish," c. 1400, from Middle Dutch schole (Dutch school) "group of fish or other animals," cognate with Old English scolu "band, troop, crowd of fish," from West Germanic *skulo- (cognates: Old Saxon scola "troop, multitude," West Frisian skoal), perhaps with a literal sense of "division," from PIE root *(s)kel- (1) "to cut, divide" (see scale (n.1)). Compare shoal (n.2)). For possible sense development, see section from Latin secare "to cut."
school (v.1)
"to educate; to reprimand, to discipline," mid-15c., from school (n.1). Related: Schooled; schooling.
school (v.2)
"collect or swim in schools," 1590s, from school (n.2). Related: Schooled; schooling.
例文
1. I thought I 'd enrol you with an art group at the school .
あなたを学校の芸術団に吸収すると思います。
2.They rose to the chalenge of entertaining 80 school -children for an afternoon.
彼らは午後80人の学童を受け入れた。
3.He was headmaster of a public school in the West of England.
イングランド西部の公学の校長。
4.The boy first showed promise as an athlete in grade school .
この男の子は小学生の時に初めて選手になる潜在力を示した。
5.He introduced radio to the school to increase the children 's awareness.