英単語

scienceの意味・使い方・発音

science

英 ['saɪəns] 美 ['saɪəns]
  • n. 科学;技術;学問;科学
  • n. (科学)人名; (英)セインツ.

語源


science 知識、科学

古フランス語の science, 知識, 学習, 習得, ラテン語の scientia, 知識, 学習, 専門知識, scire, 知る, 理解する, から, 文字通り区別する, 区別する, PIE*skei, 切る, 切る, 裂く, 分離する, から, 語源的には shed, shin, scythe と同じ. intelligence, 選択?区別する能力の語義の比較進化.知能、IQ、もともとは選択し区別する能力。本来の意味は、選択し区別する能力。

英語の語源


science
science: [14] Etymologically, science simply means ‘knowledge’, for it comes via Old French science from Latin scientia, a noun formed from the present participle of the verb scīre ‘know’. It early on passed via ‘knowledge gained by study’ to a ‘particular branch of study’, but its modern connotations of technical, mathematical, or broadly ‘non-arts’ studies did not begin to emerge until the 18th century. The derivative scientist was coined in 1840 by William Whewell: ‘We need very much a name to describe a cultivator of science in general. I should incline to call him a Scientist’, Philosophy of the Inductive Sciences 1840.
=> conscious
science (n.)
mid-14c., "what is known, knowledge (of something) acquired by study; information;" also "assurance of knowledge, certitude, certainty," from Old French science "knowledge, learning, application; corpus of human knowledge" (12c.), from Latin scientia "knowledge, a knowing; expertness," from sciens (genitive scientis) "intelligent, skilled," present participle of scire "to know," probably originally "to separate one thing from another, to distinguish," related to scindere "to cut, divide," from PIE root *skei- "to cut, to split" (cognates: Greek skhizein "to split, rend, cleave," Gothic skaidan, Old English sceadan "to divide, separate;" see shed (v.)).

From late 14c. in English as "book-learning," also "a particular branch of knowledge or of learning;" also "skillfulness, cleverness; craftiness." From c. 1400 as "experiential knowledge;" also "a skill, handicraft; a trade." From late 14c. as "collective human knowledge" (especially "that gained by systematic observation, experiment, and reasoning). Modern (restricted) sense of "body of regular or methodical observations or propositions concerning a particular subject or speculation" is attested from 1725; in 17c.-18c. this concept commonly was called philosophy. Sense of "non-arts studies" is attested from 1670s.
Science, since people must do it, is a socially embedded activity. It progresses by hunch, vision, and intuition. Much of its change through time does not record a closer approach to absolute truth, but the alteration of cultural contexts that influence it so strongly. Facts are not pure and unsullied bits of information; culture also influences what we see and how we see it. Theories, moreover, are not inexorable inductions from facts. The most creative theories are often imaginative visions imposed upon facts; the source of imagination is also strongly cultural. [Stephen Jay Gould, introduction to "The Mismeasure of Man," 1981]



In science you must not talk before you know. In art you must not talk before you do. In literature you must not talk before you think. [John Ruskin, "The Eagle's Nest," 1872]
The distinction is commonly understood as between theoretical truth (Greek episteme) and methods for effecting practical results (tekhne), but science sometimes is used for practical applications and art for applications of skill. To blind (someone) with science "confuse by the use of big words or complex explanations" is attested from 1937, originally noted as a phrase from Australia and New Zealand.

例文


1. The term Wissenschaft has a much broader meaning than the English word " science ".
Wissenschaftという用語は、英語の science よりも広い意味を持っています。

2.She was Dean of the Science faculty at Sophia University.
彼女は上智大学科学部の院長です。

3.Social science is a collective name,covering a series of individual sciences.
社会科学は一連の独立学科を網羅する総称である。

4.The fear is that science could become the handmaiden of industry.
人々が心配しているのは、科学が工業のしもべになることだ。

5.Physics isn 't just about pure science with no immediate applications.
物理学は、直接運用できない純粋な科学だけではありません。

頭文字