scuttle

• n. 天窓；石炭バケツ；バスケット
• vi. 逃げ出す；急いで走る
• vt. 船を沈める；破壊する

scud（スカッド）、scuttle（スカットル）、gallop（ギャロップ）、-le（レ）、繰り返す、から書き直された。

古英語のscutel、大きな板、ラテン語のscutella、板、scutum、盾、丸い盾から、PIE*skei、切る、分離する、語源的には鞘、鱗、盾と同じ。

スペイン語のescotilla（ハッチ）、escota（衣服に穴を開ける）、escotar（切る）から借用した可能性がある。比喩的用法で、船底に穴を開けて船を沈める、暗に止める、妨害する。

scuttle

scuttle: English has three distinct words scuttle. The oldest, ‘large container’ [15] (now mainly encountered in coal-scuttle), was borrowed from Old Norse skutill, which goes back ultimately to Latin scutella ‘tray, salver’ (from which English also gets scullery and skillet). Scuttle ‘sink a ship’ [17] is a verbal use of an earlier noun scuttle ‘opening or hatch in a ship’s side’.

This was borrowed from early modern French escoutille ‘hatch’, which in turn came from Spanish escotilla, a diminutive form of escota ‘opening in a garment’. And escota was derived from escotar ‘cut out’, a compound verb formed with the prefix e- ‘out’ from the Germanic stem *skaut- (source of English sheet). Scuttle ‘run’ [17] is a variant of the now obsolete scuddle, which was derived from scud ‘move quickly’ [16]; and scud itself may have been an alteration of scut ‘rabbit’s tail’ [15] (a word of unknown origin), the underlying meaning therefore being ‘run like a rabbit’.
=> scullery, skillet; sheet; scud, scut

scuttle (n.)

"bucket," late Old English scutel "dish, platter," from Latin scutella "serving platter" (source also of French écuelle, Spanish escudilla, Italian scudella "a plate, bowl"), diminutive of scutra "flat tray, dish," perhaps related to scutum "shield" (see hide (n.1)).

A common Germanic borrowing from Latin (Old Norse skutill, Middle Dutch schotel, Old High German scuzzila, German Schüssel "a dish"). Meaning "basket for sifting grain" is attested from mid-14c.; sense of "bucket for holding coal" first recorded 1849.

scuttle (v.1)

"scamper, scurry," mid-15c., probably related to scud (v.). Related: Scuttled; scuttling.

I should have been a pair of ragged claws
Scuttling across the floors of silent seas.
[T.S. Eliot, "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock"]

scuttle (v.2)

"cut a hole in a ship to sink it," 1640s, from skottell (n.) "opening in a ship's deck" (late 15c.), from Middle French escoutille (Modern French écoutille) or directly from Spanish escotilla "hatchway," diminutive of escota "opening in a garment," from escotar "cut out," perhaps from e- "out" (see ex-) + Germanic *skaut-. Figurative use is recorded from 1888. Related: Scuttled; scuttling.

1. He personally had received orders from Commander Lehmann to scutle the ship.

彼個人はレーマン司令官から汽船の掘削を要求する命令を受けている。

2.Crabs scuttle along the mudddy bank.

数匹のカニがぬかるみの堤防に沿って急速に横行している。

3.Such threats could scuttle the peace conference.

このような脅威は平和会議を妨害する。

4.There was a general scuttle for shelter when the rain began to fall heavily.

大雨が降って、人々は雨を避ける場所を探して走っている。

5.The scuttle was open，and the good daylight shone in.

開放された小窓から明るい光が差し込んできた。