sergeant

• n. 軍曹、警部、海曹、高位弁護士。
• n.(軍曹)人名; (英)Sargent; (仏)Serjean.

古フランス語のsergent（使用人、家事使用人、廷臣）から、ラテン語のservire（仕える、仕える）から、語源的にはserve,-ant（人）と同じ。後に軍曹、軍曹の軍事階級を指すのに使われる。進化元帥という言葉の比較、元々は馬を飼う王の使用人。

sergeant

sergeant: [12] A sergeant is etymologically simply a ‘servant’ – and indeed that is what the word originally meant in English. It comes via Old French sergent from Latin servient-, the present participial stem of servīre ‘serve’. It was subsequently incorporated into the terminology of the feudal system, roughly equivalent in application to esquire, and it was also used for various legal officers, but it does not seem to have become a specific military rank until the mid 16th century. ‘Sergeant’ then was a comparatively exalted position, but by the end of the century we see it settling into its modern niche as a senior noncommissioned officer.
=> servant, serve

sergeant (n.)

c. 1200, "servant," from Old French sergent, serjant "(domestic) servant, valet; court official; soldier," from Medieval Latin servientum (nominative serviens) "servant, vassal, soldier" (in Late Latin "public official"), from Latin servientem "serving," present participle of servire "to serve" (see serve (v.)); cognate with Spanish sirviente, Italian servente; a twin of servant, and 16c. writers sometimes use the two words interchangeably.

Specific sense of "military servant" is attested from late 13c.; that of "officer whose duty is to enforce judgments of a tribunal or legislative body" is from c. 1300 (sergeant at arms is attested from late 14c.). Meaning "non-commissioned military officer" first recorded 1540s. Originally a much more important rank than presently. As a police rank, in Great Britain from 1839.

Middle English alternative spelling serjeant (from Old French) was retained in Britain in special use as title of a superior order of barristers (c. 1300, from legal Latin serviens ad legem, "one who serves (the king) in matters of law"), from which Common Law judges were chosen; also used of certain other officers of the royal household. sergeant-major is from 1570s. The sergeant-fish (1871) so-called for lateral markings resembling a sergeant's stripes. Related: Sergeancy.

1. I left a sergeant in command and rode forward to reconnoitre.

私は軍曹を残して指揮し、自分で馬を駆って敵情を偵察しに行った。

2.The bullet lodged in the sergeant 's leg，shatering his thigh bone.

弾丸は軍曹の足にはまり、大腿骨を砕いた。

3.His father is a staff sergeant in the army.

彼の父は陸軍上士だった。

4. Sergeant Cobbins was an experienced officer and didn 't miss much.

コビンス巡査は経験豊富な警官で、彼の目の前から抜け出すものはめったにない。

5.His hands were clasped behind him like a drill sergeant .

彼は教官のように両手を後ろに背負っている。