shade

• n.陰；影；陰影；（写真などの）明るさまたは暗さ；わずかな、わずかな；ニュアンス
• vt.暗くする；徐々にする；陰にする；陰気にする；隠す
• vi. （色などの）グラデーション
• n. （陰影をつける）人名；（英語?ドイツ語）Shedder

古英語のscead, cover, shadeから、原語ゲルマン語*skadwaz, to coverから、PIE*skot, to cover, to conceal, to darkenから、おそらくPIE*skeu, to hide, to coverから、語源的にはshoe, hideと同じ。

shade

shade: [OE] Shade and shadow [12] are ultimately the same word. Both originated in Old English sceadu. Shade is the direct descendant of this, whereas shadow comes from its inflected form sceaduwe. Sceadu itself went back via prehistoric Germanic *skathwō (source also of German schatten and Dutch schaduw) to Indo- European *skotwá (whence also Greek skótos ‘darkness’ and Welsh cysgod ‘shade’). Shed ‘hut’ probably originated as a variant of shade.
=> shadow, shed

shade (n.)

Middle English schade, Kentish ssed, from late Old English scead "partial darkness; shelter, protection," also partly from sceadu "shade, shadow, darkness; shady place, arbor, protection from glare or heat," both from Proto-Germanic *skadwaz (cognates: Old Saxon skado, Middle Dutch scade, Dutch schaduw, Old High German scato, German Schatten, Gothic skadus), from PIE *skot-wo-, from root *skot- "dark, shade" (cognates: Greek skotos "darkness, gloom," Albanian kot "darkness," Old Irish scath, Old Welsh scod, Breton squeut "darkness," Gaelic sgath "shade, shadow, shelter").

Figurative use in reference to comparative obscurity is from 1640s. Meaning "a ghost" is from 1610s; dramatic (or mock-dramatic) expression "shades of _____" to invoke or acknowledge a memory is from 1818, from the "ghost" sense. Meaning "lamp cover" is from 1780. Sense of "window blind" first recorded 1845. Meaning "cover to protect the eyes" is from 1801. Meaning "grade of color" first recorded 1680s; that of "degree or gradiation of darkness in a color" is from 1680s (compare nuance, from French nue "cloud"). Meaning "small amount or degree" is from 1782.

shade (v.)

c. 1400, "to screen from light or heat," from shade (n.). From 1520s as "to cast a shadow over;" figurative use in this sense from 1580s. Sense in painting and drawing is from 1797. In reference to colors, 1819. Related: Shaded; shading.

1. His writing benefits from the shade of Lincoln hovering over his shoulder.

彼の執筆は、亡くなったリンカーンが彼の後ろにいて励ましてくれたと感じたおかげだ。

2.In the mornings the sky appeared a heavy shade of mottled gray.

早朝、空はまだらな濃い灰色を呈していた。

3.The temperature soared to above 100 degrees in the shade .

日陰の温度は100度以上に急上昇した。

4.The only shade was under the body of the plane.

唯一の日陰は航空機の胴体の下です。

5.Umbrellas shade outdoor cafes along winding cobblestone streets.

曲がりくねった玉石の街の両側に、日傘を露天カフェにして陽を遮る。