shear

• vt.刈り取る；剪定する；奪う
• vi. 剪定する；切る；剪定する
• n. [強制的に]切る；剪定する；大きなはさみ
• n.[剪]人名;(英)ヒル

古英語のsceran, 剪断する, 切り倒す, から, 原語ゲルマン語*sker, 剪断する, 切る, から, PIE*sker, 剪断する, 切る, と語源的には同じ, share, sharpen.

shear

shear: [OE] Shear is the principal English descendant of the Indo-European base *sker- ‘cut’, which has also produced English score, share, shirt, short, and skirt, and probably sharp and shore as well. A variant of the base without the s is responsible for curt and curtail. The immediate source of shear itself is prehistoric Germanic *skeran, which also evolved into German and Dutch scheren, Swedish sk?ra, and Danish skj?re.

The verb sheer ‘swerve’ [17] probably originated as a variant of shear, but the adjective sheer [16] is an entirely different word. It probably represents a survival of Old English scīr ‘bright, shining’, which came ultimately from the Germanic base *ski-, source also of English shimmer and shine.
=> curt, curtail, score, share, sheer, shirt, short, skirt

shear (v.)

Old English sceran, scieran (class IV strong verb; past tense scear, past participle scoren) "to cleave, hew, cut with a sharp instrument; cut (hair); shear (sheep)," from Proto-Germanic *sker- "to cut" (cognates: Old Norse and Old Frisian skera, Dutch scheren, German scheren "to shear"), from PIE *(s)ker- (1) "to cut, to scrape, to hack" (cognates: Sanskrit krnati "hurts, wounds, kills," krntati "cuts;" Hittite karsh- "to cut off;" Greek keirein "to cut, shear;" Latin curtus "short;" Lithuanian skiriu "to separate;" Old Irish scaraim "I separate;" Welsh ysgar "to separate," ysgyr "fragment").

shear (n.)

"act of clipping," 1610s, also as a unit of measure of the age of a sheep, from shear (v.). Scientific and mechanical sense "type of strain" is from 1850.

1. They discovered that they could shear sheep，take the wool，weave it and fashion the material into warm coats and suits，

彼らは彼らが羊毛を切ったり、綿糸を紡いだり、毛織したりすることができることを発見して、それから毛織物を暖かい服にすることができます。

2.In the Hebrides they shear their sheep later than anywhere else.

ハーバーリッツでは、羊毛を刈る時間は他のどこよりも遅い。

3.Normally the shear velocity is about half of the compressional velocity.

一般的に横波速度は縦波速度の約半分である。

4.The interfacial shear stress is a constant proportion of the bottom shear .

交差界面の剪断力と底部剪断力の比は定数である。

5.Without loss of generality， shear deformations will be neglected.

は一般性を失わず、剪断変形を無視する。