some

• adj.いくらか; 多少; およそ; かなり
• 代名詞; 数; 一部; （数が正確でない場合に使われる）何人かの人々
• adv.とても；かなり；少し

中英語のsomeから、古英語のsum, someから、原ゲルマン語*sumaz, someから、PIE*sem, one, togetherから、語源的には同じ、集合する。

some

some: [OE] Some goes back ultimately to Indo- European *smmos, which passed into prehistoric Germanic as *sumaz. This has now died out in most Germanic languages other than English, although a few derivatives survive, such as Dutch sommige ‘some’. The Indo-European form also produced Greek hamos ‘somehow’ and Sanskrit samás ‘some, every’, and variants of the base from which it came have also given English same, seem, similar, and simple.
=> same, seem, similar, simple

some (adj.)

Old English sum "some, a, a certain one, something, a certain quantity; a certain number;" with numerals "out of" (as in sum feowra "one of four"); from Proto-Germanic *suma- (cognates: Old Saxon, Old Frisian, Old High German sum, Old Norse sumr, Gothic sums), from PIE *smm-o-, suffixed form of root *sem- (1) "one," also "as one" (adv.), "together with" (see same). For substitution of -o- for -u-, see come.

The word has had greater currency in English than in the other Teutonic languages, in some of which it is now restricted to dialect use, or represented only by derivatives or compounds .... [OED]

As a pronoun from c. 1100; as an adverb from late 13c. Meaning "remarkable" is attested from 1808, American English colloquial. A possessive form is attested from 1560s, but always was rare. Many combination forms (somewhat, sometime, somewhere) were in Middle English but often written as two words till 17-19c. Somewhen is rare and since 19c. used almost exclusively in combination with the more common compounds; somewho "someone" is attested from late 14c. but did not endure. Scott (1816) has somegate "somewhere, in some way, somehow," and somekins "some kind of a" is recorded from c. 1200. Get some "have sexual intercourse" is attested 1899 in a quote attributed to Abe Lincoln from c. 1840.

1. Some battles you win， some battles you lose.

勝敗は兵家の常である。

米ドラマ「ライフビッグバン」

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2. Some companies are cutting costs and hoping for the best.

コスト削減を行っている会社もあり、すべてが好転することを望んでいます。

3.He was carrying on about some stupid television series.

彼はある退屈なテレビドラマをべらべらしゃべっている。

4.The commander and some of the men had been released.

指揮官と一部の兵士が解放された。

5.Mark had for some time been Making advances towards her.

マークが彼女を追いかけてきたのはしばらく経っていた。