spare

• vt.節約する、遺憾に思う、許す、別れる、譲る。
• 倹約する；許す
• adj. 余剰；無駄；少し
• n. 余剰部分

古英語のsparianから、惜しむ、赦す、害から免れる、原語ゲルマン語*sparonaから、保存する、救う、脇に置く、PIE*sperから、稼ぐ、保存する、多産にする、PIE*speから、栄える、繁栄する、語源的にはspeedから、繁栄する。frugal、およびそれに関連する意味。

spare (adj.)

"kept in reserve, not used, provided or held for extra need," late 14c., from or from the same root as spare (v.). Old English had sp?r "sparing, frugal." Also compare Old Norse sparr "(to be) spared." In reference to time, from mid-15c.; sense of "lacking in substance; lean, gaunt; flimsy, thin; poor," is recorded from 1540s. Spare part is attested from 1888. Spare tire is from 1894 of bicycles; 1903 of automobiles; 1961 of waistlines.

spare (v.)

Old English sparian "to refrain from harming, be indulgent to, allow to go free; use sparingly," from the source of Old English sp?r "sparing, frugal," from Proto-Germanic *sparaz (cognates: Old Saxon sparon, Old Frisian sparia, Old Norse spara, Dutch sparen, Old High German sparon, German sparen "to spare"). Meaning "to dispense from one's own stock, give or yield up," is recorded from early 13c. Related: Spared; sparing.

spare (n.)

"extra thing or part," 1640s, from spare (adj.). The Middle English noun sense was "a sparing, mercy, leniency" (early 14c.). Bowling game sense of "an advantage gained by a knocking down of all pins in two bowls" is attested from 1843, American English.

1. Inher spare time she read books on cooking.

余暇に料理の本を読んでいた。

2.He spends his spare time visiting schools to warn pupils off drugs.

彼は自分の余暇を使って学校を訪問し、小学生に麻薬から離れるように警告した。

3.She was thin and spare ，with a sharply intelligent face.

彼女は背が高くて痩せていて、抜け目のない顔をしている。

4.They 've never had anything spare -they 've always used it all.

彼らは何の予備も持っていません。彼らはいつも何でもきれいに使っています。

5.In the future the machines will need spare parts and maintenance.

これらの機器には将来的にスペアパーツとメンテナンスが必要になります。