sponge

• vt.拭き取る；スポンジにする；懇願する
• vi.スポンジを集める；寄生生活を送る；スポンジ状に吸収する
• n. スポンジ；スポンジ状の物質

古英語のspongから、ラテン語のspongiaから、ギリシャ語のspongos、海綿生物、スポンジから。海綿生物はスポンジの原型である。スポンジの吸水性の高さから、フリーローダー、フリーローダー、ダブラーなどを意味する語源となった。

sponge (n.)

Old English sponge, spunge, from Latin spongia "a sponge," also "sea animal from which a sponge comes," from Greek spongia, related to spongos "sponge," of unknown origin. "Probably a loanword from a non-IE language, borrowed independently into Greek, Latin and Armenian in a form *sphong-" [de Vaan]. The Latin word is the source of Old Saxon spunsia, Middle Dutch spongie, Old French esponge, Spanish esponja, Italian spugna.

In English in reference to the marine animal from 1530s. To throw in the sponge "quit, submit" (1860) is from prizefighting, in reference to the sponges used to cleanse the faces of combatants between rounds (compare later throw in the towel). Sponge-cake is attested from 1808.

sponge (v.)

late 14c., "to soak up with a sponge," also (transitive) "to cleanse or wipe with a sponge," from sponge (n.). The slang sense of "to live in a parasitic manner, live at the expense of others" is attested from 1670s; sponger (n.) in this sense is from 1670s. Originally it was the victim who was the sponge (c. 1600), because he or she was being "squeezed." Intransitive sense "dive for sponges" is from 1881. Related: Sponged; sponging.

1. If your child 's temperature rises， sponge her down gently with tepid water.

子供の体温が上昇したら、スポンジにぬるま湯をつけて体を軽く拭きます。

2.Fill a bowl with water and gently sponge your face and body.

鉢に水を入れ、濡れたスポンジで顔と体を軽く拭きます。

3.Cover the base with a single layer of sponge fingers.

底にスポンジを敷いた。

4.His mind was like a sponge ，ready to absorb anything.

彼の頭はスポンジのようなもので、何でも吸収できる。

5.The child is screwing water out of a sponge .

子供がスポンジから水を押し出している。