spruce

• vi.身なりを整える；清潔にする
• adj.整頓する
• vt. おめかしする
• n.

Spruce、Pruceからの綴り変化、Prussia、ヨーロッパの歴史的な地名、後にドイツを統一した最強の国家である。プロイセンからイギリスに輸入されたことからこの名がついたこの木は、家具用の高級木材であり、贅沢の代名詞である。 それゆえ、飾る、着飾るという意味の語源となった。

spruce

spruce: Spruce ‘neat’ [16] and spruce the tree [17] are completely different words, of course, but they could have a common origin – in Spruce, the old English name for Prussia. Spruce the tree was originally the spruce fir, literally the ‘Prussian fir’. And it is thought that the adjective spruce may have come from the expression spruce leather ‘Prussian leather’, which denoted a particularly fine sort of leather, used for making jackets. The word itself is an unexplained alteration of Pruce ‘Prussia’, which was acquired via Old French from medieval Latin Prussia.
=> prussia

spruce (n.)

1660s, "evergreen tree, fir," from spruse (adj.) "made of spruce wood" (early 15c.), literally "from Prussia," from Spruce, Sprws (late 14c.), unexplained alterations of Pruce "Prussia," from an Old French form of Prussia.

Spruce seems to have been a generic term for commodities brought to England by Hanseatic merchants (especially beer, boards and wooden chests, and leather), and the tree thus was believed to be particular to Prussia, which for a time was figurative in England as a land of luxuries. Compare spruce (adj.).

As a distinct species of evergreen tree from 1731. Nearly all pines have long, soft needles growing in groups of two (Scotch) to five (white); spruce and fir needles grow singly. Spruce needles are squarish and sharp; fir needles are short and flat. Cones of the fir stand upright; cones of a spruce hang before falling.

spruce (v.)

"to make trim or neat," 1590s, from spruce (adj.). Related: Spruced; sprucing.

spruce (adj.)

"neat, smart in dress and appearance, dapper, brisk," 1580s, from spruce leather (mid-15c.; see spruce (n.)), a type of leather imported from Prussia in the 1400s and 1500s which was used in England to make a popular style of jerkin that was considered smart-looking.

1. Early settlers built frames of spruce ，maple and pine.

初期の定住者は雲杉、楓、松で屋根を建てた。

2.It was made of soft lumber， spruce by the look of it.

その製造材料はコルクで、モミのように見えます。

3.He looked spruce in his best clothes.

彼は一番きれいな服を着ていて、とても元気そうだ。

4.Chris was looking spruce in his stiff-collared black shirt and new short hair cut.

クリスはハードカラーの黒シャツを着て、ショートヘアにしたので、すっきりとした格好に見えた。

5.Following in his steps，I passed through damp spruce woods to an open cliff.

私は彼の後ろについて、湿ったモミの森を通って、広い絶壁の前に来ました。