start

• vt.始める。
• vi.
• n. 始まり；出発点

中英語のstartから、古英語のsteort, ass, tailから、原語ゲルマン語*stertaz hard, straightから、PIE*ster, stiff, hard, fixedから、語源的にはstartle, sterileと同じ。

中英語のstertenから、突然飛び上がる、駆け出す、古英語のstyrtanから、ジャンプする、飛び上がる、原語ゲルマン語*stirtanaから、どきどきする、飛び上がる、つまずく、転ぶ、PIE*sterから、硬い、固い、固定された、語源的にはstartle,sterileと同じ。

start

start: [OE] Start originally meant ‘jump, leap, caper’ (‘Him lust not [he did not like] to play nor start, nor to dance, nor to sing’, Chaucer, Romance of the Rose 1366). This gradually evolved via ‘make a sudden movement’ to ‘begin a journey’, but it did not emerge as a fully-fledged synonym for ‘begin’ until the end of the 18th century. Startle [OE], which came from the same Germanic base *start-, has kept more closely to the notion of ‘sudden movement’.
=> startle

start (v.)

Old English *steortian, *stiertan, Kentish variants of styrtan "to leap up" (related to starian "to stare"), from Proto-Germanic *stert- (cognates: Old Frisian stirta "to fall, tumble," Middle Dutch sterten, Dutch storten "to rush, fall," Old High German sturzen, German stürzen "to hurl, throw, plunge"), of uncertain origin. According to Watkins, the notion is "move briskly, move swiftly," and it is from PIE root *ster- (1) "stiff."

From "move or spring suddenly," sense evolved by late 14c. to "awaken suddenly, flinch or recoil in alarm," and by 1660s to "cause to begin acting or operating." Meaning "begin to move, leave, depart" (without implication of suddenness) is from 1821. The connection probably is from sporting senses ("to force an animal from its lair," late 14c.). Transitive sense of "set in motion or action" is from 1670s; specifically as "to set (machinery) in action" from 1841.

Related: Started; starting. To start something "cause trouble" is 1915, American English colloquial. To start over "begin again" is from 1912. Starting-line in running is from 1855; starting-block in running first recorded 1937.

start (n.)

late 14c., "an involuntary movement of the body, a sudden jump," from start (v.). Meaning "act of beginning to move or act" is from 1560s. Meaning "act of beginning to build a house" is from 1946. That of "opportunity at the beginning of a career or course of action" is from 1849. Paired with finish (n.) at least from 1839. False start first attested 1850.

1. There has been a busy start to polling in today 's local elections.

今日の地方選挙の投票が始まると人が集まった。

2.Try these toning exercises before you start the day.

一日の活動を始める前に、これらの体を強くする体操をしてみましょう。

3.I saw through your little ruse from the start .

最初からあなたの小さな計略を見抜いていました。

4.It 's just not enough money to start life over.

これらのお金は全く新しい生活を始めるのに十分ではありません。

5.The horse made a winning start for his new trainer.

この馬は新しい調教師のために良い頭を開いた。