stout: [14] Stout originally meant ‘proud, brave’. It came via Anglo-Norman stout from a prehistoric West Germanic *stult- (source also of German stolz ‘proud’), which may have been related to the ancestor of English stilt. The notion of ‘braveness’ led on to that of ‘physical strength’ and ‘powerful physique’, but the word did not go downhill to ‘fat’ until the end of the 18th century. The application to a sort of strong beer dates from the 17th century. => stilt
stout (adj.)
c. 1300, "proud, valiant, strong," from Old French estout "brave, fierce, proud," earlier estolt "strong," from a Germanic source from West Germanic *stult- "proud, stately, strutting" (cognates: Middle Low German stolt "stately, proud," German stolz "proud, haughty, arrogant, stately"), from PIE root *stel- "to put, stand" (see stall (n.1)). Meaning "strong in body, powerfully built" is attested from late 14c., but has been displaced by the (often euphemistic) meaning "thick-bodied, fat and large, bulky in figure," which is first recorded 1804. Original sense preserved in figurative phrase stout-hearted (1550s). Related: Stoutly; stoutness.
stout (n.)
1670s, "strong beer or ale," from stout (adj.). Later especially, and now usually, "porter of extra strength" (by 1762).
例文
1. He was a tall， stout man with gray hair.
彼は背が高くて太っていて、髪の毛が白くて灰色の男です。
2.The invasion was held up by unexpectedly stout resistance.