subject

• n.主体; 主語; [言語]主体; 臣民; 国家
• adj.従順な; ～に影響されやすい; ～に従う
• vt.を...従属させる;...に...従わせる

sub、under、-ject、cast、throw、語源的にはproject、projectileと同じ。文字どおり、下に投げる、派生的には、服従させる、支配する、国家、主体。文字通り、下に投げる、基礎、テーマ、主題などを形成する。

subject

subject: [14] To subject something is etymologically to ‘throw it under’. The verb comes via Old French subjecter from Latin sujectāre, which was formed from subjectus, the past participle of Latin subicere ‘bring down’. This in turn was a compound verb formed from the prefix sub- ‘under’ and jacere ‘throw’ (source also of English abject [15], adjacent, adjective, conjecture, dejected [15], inject [17], jet, jettison, jetty, reject [15], etc).

The noun subject, which also came from Latin subjectus, originally denoted a person ‘subjected’ to the control of another (as in ‘the Queen’s subjects’). The most salient modern sense, ‘topic’, comes ultimately from the notion of ‘that which is operated on by something else’.
=> abject, adjacent, adjective, conjecture, dejected, inject, jet, jettison, jetty, object, reject

subject (n.)

early 14c., "person under control or dominion of another," specifically a government or ruler, from Old French sogit, suget, subget "a subject person or thing" (12c., Modern French sujet), from noun use of Latin subiectus "lying under, below, near bordering on," figuratively "subjected, subdued," past participle of subicere, subiicere "to place under, throw under, bind under; to make subject, subordinate," from sub "under" (see sub-) + combining form of iacere "to throw" (see jet (v.)). In 14c., sugges, sogetis, subgit, sugette; form re-Latinized in English 16c.

Meaning "person or thing regarded as recipient of action, one that may be acted upon" is recorded from 1590s. Grammatical sense is recorded from 1630s, from Latin subjectum "grammatical subject," noun use of the neuter of the Latin past participle. Likewise some restricted uses in logic and philosophy are borrowed directly from Latin subjectum as "foundation or subject of a proposition," a loan-translation of Aristotle's to hypokeimenon. Meaning "subject matter of an art or science" is attested from 1540s, probably short for subject matter (late 14c.), which is from Medieval Latin subjecta materia, a loan translation of Greek hypokeimene hyle (Aristotle), literally "that which lies beneath."

subject (v.)

late 14c., "to make (a person or nation) subject to another by force," also "to render submissive or dependent," from Medieval Latin subiectare "place beneath," frequentative of Latin subicere "to make subject, subordinate" (see subject (n.)). Meaning "to lay open or expose to (some force or occurrence)" is recorded from early 15c. (implied in subjected). Related: Subjecting.

subject (adj.)

early 14c., from Old French suget, subject (Modern French sujet), from Latin subiectus (see subject (n.)).

1. In the car she reverted to the subject uppermost in her mind.

車の中で、彼女はまた彼女の最も関心のある話題を提起した。

2.The empirical evidence considered here is subject to many qualifications.

ここで言及されている実験証拠には多くの制限条件がある。

3.The drama takes an idealistic，even a naive view of the subject .

この芝居はこのテーマに対して理想的で、無邪気でさえある。

4.All through lunch he had carefully avoided the subject of the house.

昼食中、彼は慎重に家の話を避けていた。

5.The subject came up during a pre-dinner drink with our guests.

お客様と食前酒を飲む際に、この話題に触れた人がいます。