suicide

• n. 自殺; 自殺行動; 自殺志願者
• adj.自殺的
• vt. 自殺
• vi. 自殺

ラテン語のsuicidium「自殺」から、語源はsui「自分の」、語源はselfと同じ、-cid「殺す」、語源はherbicide「除草剤」、homicideと同じ。

suicide (n.)

"deliberate killing of oneself," 1650s, from Modern Latin suicidium "suicide," from Latin sui "of oneself" (genitive of se "self"), from PIE *s(u)w-o- "one's own," from root *s(w)e- (see idiom) + -cidium "a killing" (see -cide). Probably an English coinage; much maligned by Latin purists because it "may as well seem to participate of sus, a sow, as of the pronoun sui" [Phillips]. The meaning "person who kills himself deliberately" is from 1728. In Anglo-Latin, the term for "one who commits suicide" was felo-de-se, literally "one guilty concerning himself."

Even in 1749, in the full blaze of the philosophic movement, we find a suicide named Portier dragged through the streets of Paris with his face to the ground, hung from a gallows by his feet, and then thrown into the sewers; and the laws were not abrogated till the Revolution, which, having founded so many other forms of freedom, accorded the liberty of death. [W.E.H. Lecky, "History of European Morals," 1869]

In England, suicides were legally criminal if of age and sane, but not if judged to have been mentally deranged. The criminal ones were mutilated by stake and given degrading burial in highways until 1823. Suicide blonde (one who has "dyed by her own hand") first attested 1921. Baseball suicide squeeze is attested from 1937.

1. They say it would be political suicide for the party to abstain.

彼らはこの政党が棄権することは自壊政治の前途と同じだと言っている。

2.Adolescent suicide is rarely an impulsive reaction to immediate distress.

青少年の自殺は、突然の不幸による衝動的な反応が少ない。

3.After the scandal was exposed,Dr Bailey committed suicide .

スキャンダルが発覚した後、ペリー博士は自殺した。

4.More than once，depression drove him to attempt suicide .

うつ病は彼を一度ではなく自殺を企てた。

5.I was grieved to hear of the suicide of James.

ジェームズが自殺したというニュースを聞いて、私はとても悲しんだ。