sullen

• adj.うっとうしい、不幸な；（天気が）暗い；陰気な

ラテン語のsolus「ひとり」が語源で、形容詞の接尾辞sole.-enと語源は同じ。solitude（孤独）、loneliness（孤独）、sullenness（不機嫌）に由来する。

sullen

sullen: [16] The etymological notion underlying sullen is of being miserable because one is ‘on one’s own’. The word comes from Anglo- Norman *solein ‘alone’, hence ‘miserable’, a derivative of Old French soul ‘alone’ (source of English sole).
=> sole, solo

sullen (adj.)

1570s, alteration of Middle English soleyn "unique, singular," from Anglo-French *solein, formed on the pattern of Old French solain "lonely," from soul "single," from Latin solus "by oneself, alone" (see sole (adj.)). The sense shift in Middle English from "solitary" to "morose" (i.e. "remaining alone through ill-humor") occurred late 14c. Related: Sullenly; sullenness.

1. He turned away in sullen ，resentful silence.

彼はくよくよしていて、恨みを抱いて、何も言わずに背を向けた。

2.The offenders lapsed into a sullen silence.

その冒涜者たちは黙っていた。

3.Bob looked pale and sullen .

ボブは青ざめた顔をして悶々としていた。

4.The sullen girl refused to answer her mother 's questions.

怒った女の子は母親の質問に答えることを拒否した。

5.He looked up at the sullen sky.

彼は暗い空を見上げた。