surname

• n. 名字、姓；ニックネーム、別名
• vt.別名をつける；姓をつける

sur-、on、名、名前。姓を指すのに使われる。

surname (n.)

c. 1300, "name, title, or epithet added to a person's name," from sur "above" (from Latin super-; see sur- (1)) + name (n.); modeled on Anglo-French surnoun "surname" (early 14c.), variant of Old French sornom, from sur "over" + nom "name." As "family name" from late 14c.

An Old English word for this was freonama, literally "free name." Meaning "family name" is first found late 14c. Hereditary surnames existed among Norman nobility in England in early 12c., among the common people they began to be used 13c., increasingly frequent until near universal by end of 14c. The process was later in the north of England than the south. The verb is attested from 1510s. Related: Surnamed.

1. The majority of British women adopt their husband 's surname when they marry.

多くのイギリス人女性は結婚して夫の姓に従う。

2.Her first name was Mary.I don 't know what her surname was.

彼女の名前はメアリーです。私は彼女の姓を知らない。

3.Winter is a common enough German surname .

ウィンターは非常に一般的なドイツの姓です。

4.Nosenko puzzled out Kutya 's surname .

ノシェンコは苦心してやっとクーガの姓を思い出した。

5.She 'd never known his surname .

彼女は彼の姓を知らなかった。