フランス語のsurveillerから、監督する、見守る、sur-, on, veillerから、見る、見守る、ラテン語のvilligareから、見る、見守る、語源的にはvilligare, wakeと同じ。
英語の語源
surveillance
surveillance: see vigil
surveillance (n.)
1802, from French surveillance "oversight, supervision, a watch," noun of action from surveiller "oversee, watch" (17c.), from sur- "over" (see sur- (1)) + veiller "to watch," from Latin vigilare, from vigil "watchful" (see vigil). Seemingly a word that came to English from the Terror in France ("surveillance committees" were formed in every French municipality in March 1793 by order of the Convention to monitor the actions and movements of suspect persons, outsiders, and dissidents).
例文
1. Police keep track of the kidnapper using electronic surveillance equipment.
警察は電子監視装置を利用して誘拐者を追跡している。
2.He was arrested after being kept under constant surveillance .
は、しばらく監視を続けられた後、逮捕された。
3.Police swooped on the home after a two-week surveillance operation.
2週間の監視行動の後、警察はその家を突撃捜査した。
4.Leaving aside the question of privacy，constant surveillance can be remarkably convenient.
プライバシーの問題に手を出さなければ、ノンストップ監視を実施するのは非常に便利です。
5.The police are keeping the suspects under constant surveillance .