the
英 [before a consonant ðə; before a vowel; ðɪ; stressed; ðiː]
美 [ðə]
- この; その
- adv.もっと（比較級、前最大級で使われる）
語源
the古英語のthe, thatから、PIE*toの指示代名詞、語源はthis, thatと同じ。
英語の語源
- the
- the: [OE] The nominative forms of the Old English definite article were se (masculine), sēo (feminine), and th?t (neuter – ancestor of modern English that). In the late Old English period se was replaced by the, probably an eroded version of that and perhaps the same word as the Old English relative particle the. Its drafting in to take the place of se was no doubt promoted by the fact that all the inflected forms of the Old English definite article (thone, th?m, th?s, etc) began with th-. When the distinction between genders began to die out in the early Middle English period, the took over as the general form.
=> that, then, there, this, though - the
- definite article, late Old English te, nominative masculine form of the demonstrative pronoun and adjective. After c.950, it replaced earlier se (masc.), seo (fem.), t?t (neuter), and probably represents se altered by the th- form which was used in all the masculine oblique cases (see below).
|
Masc. |
Fem. |
Neut. |
Plural |
| Nom. |
se |
seo |
t?t |
ta |
| Acc. |
tone |
ta |
t?t |
ta |
| Gen. |
t?s |
t?re |
t?s |
tara |
| Dat. |
t?m |
t?re |
t?m |
t?m |
| Inst. |
ty, ton |
-- |
ty, ton |
-- |
Old English se is from PIE root *so- "this, that" (cognates: Sanskrit sa, Avestan ha, Greek ho, he "the," Irish and Gaelic so "this"). For the t- forms, see that. The s- forms were entirely superseded in English by mid-13c., excepting a slightly longer dialectal survival in Kent. Old English used 10 different words for "the" (see table), but did not distinguish "the" from "that." That survived for a time as a definite article before vowels (that one or that other).
Adverbial use in the more the merrier, the sooner the better, etc. is a relic of Old English ty, the instrumentive case of the neuter demonstrative (see that).
例文
- 1. In " the black cat " the adjective "black "modifies the noun "cat ".
- the black catというフレーズでは、形容詞black修飾名詞cat.b>The best thing to do when entering unknown territory is smile.
- 未知の地に足を踏み入れる最善の対策は笑顔である。
米ドラマ『キャリー?ダイアリー』
dl> - 3. The world breaks everyone，and afterward，many are stronger at the broken places.
- 生活はいつも私たちを傷だらけにしてきたが、後になると怪我をした場所はもっと強くなる。
毎日一言
- 4.Carpe diem.Seize the day，boys.Make your lives extraordinary.
- 人生は楽しいものであるべきで、毎日をつかまえて、子供たち、あなたたちの生活を非凡なものにしてください。
映画『死の詩社』
- 5.When life gets hard and you want to give up，remember that life is full of ups and downs，and without the downs， the ups would mean nothing.
- 生活が苦しくて、諦めたいときは、生活は起伏に満ちていて、谷がなければ高いところに立っても意味がないことを覚えておいてください。dd>
から