through

• 前置詞.
• adv. 徹底的に；最初から最後まで
• adj.まっすぐに通る；通過する；終了する

中英語のthurh, through, throughから、原語ゲルマン語*thurkh, through, throughから、PIE*tere, to bend, to turn, to crossから、語源的にはturn, trans-, transportと同じ。

through

through: [OE] Through comes from a prehistoric West Germanic *thurkh, which also produced German durch and Dutch door. Its ultimate source was the Indo-European base *tr-, which also produced Latin trans ‘across’. Thorough is historically the same word as through.
=> nostril, thorough, thrill

through (prep., adv.)

late 14c., metathesis of Old English turh, from Proto-Germanic *thurkh (cognates: Old Saxon thuru, Old Frisian thruch, Middle Dutch dore, Dutch door, Old High German thuruh, German durch, Gothic tairh "through"), from PIE root *tere- (2) "to cross over, pass through, overcome" (cognates: Sanskrit tirah, Avestan taro "through, beyond," Latin trans "beyond," Old Irish tre, Welsh tra "through"). Not clearly differentiated from thorough until early Modern English. Spelling thro was common 15c.-18c. Reformed spelling thru (1839) is mainly American English.

1. A brilliant shaft of sunlight burst through the doorway.

まぶしい日差しが玄関から差し込んできた。

2.The company I work for went through a rough patch.

私の会社は困難な時期を経験しました。

3.Mobutu ascended through the ranks,eventually becommander of the army.

モンボルト出身で兵役し、1級で昇進し、最終的に陸軍司令官になった。

4.The savoury smell greeted them as they went through the door.

彼らはドアに入ると香りがしてきた。

5.I went through about four years of being addicted to video games.

私は約4年間、電子ゲームに夢中になっていました。