umbrage

• n. 不幸、怒り、陰り、懐疑。

ラテン語のumbra（影、日陰）が語源で、語源はadumbrate（傘）と同じ。

umbrage

umbrage: [15] Umbrage is one of a group of English words that go back ultimately to Latin umbra ‘shadow’. Indeed, it was originally used for ‘shade, shadow’ in English: ‘the light, and also … the false umbrage which the moon doth show forth’, Betham, Precepts of War 1544. The expression take umbrage ‘take offence’ arises from a metaphorical extension of ‘shadow’ to ‘suspicion’, which took place in French.

The word itself reached English via Old French umbrage from Vulgar Latin *umbrāticum, a noun use of the neuter form of Latin umbrāticus ‘shadowy’, which was derived from umbra. Other English words from the same source include adumbrate [16], penumbra [17], sombre, sombrero, umbel [16], and umbrella.
=> adumbrate, penumbra, sombre, sombrero, umbel, umbrella

umbrage (n.)

early 15c., "shadow, shade," from Middle French ombrage "shade, shadow," from noun use of Latin umbraticum "of or pertaining to shade; being in retirement," neuter of umbraticus "of or pertaining to shade," from umbra "shade, shadow," from PIE root *andho- "blind, dark" (cognates: Sanskrit andha-, Avestan anda- "blind, dark"). Many figurative uses in 17c.; main remaining one is the meaning "suspicion that one has been slighted," first recorded 1610s; hence phrase to take umbrage at, attested from 1670s.

1. He takes umbrage against anyone who criticises him.

誰が彼を批判しても、彼は憤慨している。

2.I invited her because I was afraid ofgiving umbrage .

私は彼女を招待しました。私は彼女を怒らせるのが怖いからです。

3.Everything gives umbrage to a tyrantny.

すべてのことが専制君主を怒らせた。

4.He called me a lily-livered coward，and I umbrage at the insult.

彼は私が臆病な臆病者だと言って、この侮辱は私を怒らせた。

5.The pope himself had taken great umbrage at the book.

教皇本人はこの本に激怒していた。