up

• 上へ；上へ；上へ
• prep.
• adj.
• n. 上昇する；繁栄する

PIE*upoのunder、下から、上へ、upから、語源的にはsubのoverと同じ。

up

up: [OE] Up is part of a widespread family of Germanic adverbs which also includes German auf, Dutch and Danish op, and Swedish upp. It goes back ultimately to Indo-European *up-, which also produced English over and the prefixes hyper- and super- and may lie behind English evil. To open something is etymologically to put it ‘up’.
=> open, over

up (adv.)

Old English up, uppe, from Proto-Germanic *upp- "up" (cognates: Old Frisian, Old Saxon up "up, upward," Old Norse upp; Danish, Dutch op; Old High German uf, German auf "up"; Gothic iup "up, upward," uf "on, upon, under;" Old High German oba, German ob "over, above, on, upon"), from PIE root *upo "up from below" (cognates: Sanskrit upa "near, under, up to, on," Greek hypo "under, below," Latin sub "under;" see sub-).

As a preposition, "to a higher place" from c. 1500; also "along, through" (1510s), "toward" (1590s). Often used elliptically for go up, come up, rise up, etc. Up the river "in jail" first recorded 1891, originally in reference to Sing Sing, which is up the Hudson from New York City. To drive someone up the wall (1951) is from the notion of the behavior of lunatics or caged animals. Insulting retort up yours (scil. ass) attested by late 19c.

up (v.)

1550s, "to drive and catch (swans)," from up (adv.). Intransitive meaning "get up, rise to one's feet" (as in up and leave) is recorded from 1640s. Sense of "to move upward" is recorded from 1737. Meaning "increase" (as in up the price of oil) is attested from 1915. Compare Old English verb uppian "to rise up, swell." Related: Upped; upping. Upping block is attested from 1796.

up (n.)

"that which is up," 1530s, from up (adv.). Phrase on the up-(and-up) "honest, straightforward" first attested 1863, American English.

up (adj.)

c. 1300, "dwelling inland or upland," from up (adv.). Meaning "going up" is from 1784. From 1815 as "excited, exhilarated, happy," hence "enthusiastic, optimistic." Up-and-coming "promising" is from 1848. Musical up-tempo (adj.) is recorded from 1948.

1. When life gets hard and you want to give up 、remember that life is full of ups and downs、and without the downs、the ups would mean nothing.

生活が苦しくて、諦めたいときは、生活が浮き沈みに満ちていることを覚えておいてください。谷がなければ、高いところに立っても意味がありません。

は

2から.The turning point in the process of growing up is when you discover the core of strength within you that survives all hurt.

心の奥底からあらゆる苦しみに耐えられる強い力を見つけると、あなたの成長過程は飛躍します。

毎日一言

3.He finished his conversation and stood up ，looking straight at me.

彼は話をして立ち上がって、私を直視していた。

4.These files have been zipped up to take up less disk space.これらのドキュメントは、ディスク容量を節約するために圧縮されています。

5.He was fired from his job after roughing up a colleague.

彼は同僚に乱暴をしたために除名された。