upper

• adj.上の、上の; より高い
• n. （上の）人名；（英）Earp.

upの比較から。

upper (adj.)

c. 1300, originally comparative of up (adj.). Similar formation in Middle Dutch upper, Dutch opper, Low German upper, Norwegian yppare. Upper hand "advantage" is late 15c., perhaps from wrestling (get the over-hand in the same sense is from early 14c.). Upperclassman is recorded from 1871.

Upper crust is attested from mid-15c. in reference to the top crust of a loaf of bread, 1836 in reference to society. Upper middle class (adj.) is recorded from 1835. Upper ten thousand (1844) was common mid-19c. for "wealthier and more aristocratic part of a large community;" hence uppertendom.

upper (n.)

"part of a shoe above the sole," 1789, from upper (adj.). Sense of "stimulant drug" is from 1968, agent noun from up (v.).

1. A cold is an infection of the upper respiratory tract.

風邪は上気道の感染である。

2.Many of the British upper classes are no longer very rich.

イギリスの上流社会では多くの人が油を得ていない。

3.They have purged thousands from the upper levels of the civil service.

彼らは上層部の文官部門から千人以上の公務員を一掃した。

4.He curled his upper lip in a show of scepticism.

彼は口をつぐんで疑いを示した。

5.I then went up to Lancaster University and got an upper second.

後にランカスター大学に合格し、2級甲等の学位を取得しました。