vigil: [13] Etymologically, to take part in a vigil, you have to be ‘alert’ and ‘awake’. The word comes via Old French vigile from Latin vigilia, which was derived from the adjective vigil ‘awake, alert’, so the notion underlying it is of staying awake to keep watch. Another derivative of the Latin adjective was vigilāre ‘keep watch’, which lies behind English reveille [17], surveillance [19], vigilant [15], and vigilante [19] (via Spanish). It came ultimately from the Indo-European base *wog-, *weg- ‘be lively or active’, which also produced English vigour, wake and watch. => reveille, surveillance, vigilante, vigour, wake, watch
vigil (n.)
c. 1200, "eve of a religious festival" (an occasion for devotional watching or observance), from Anglo-French and Old French vigile "watch, guard; eve of a holy day" (12c.), from Latin vigilia "a watch, watchfulness," from vigil "watchful, awake, on the watch, alert," from PIE root *weg- (2) "be lively or active, be strong" (cognates: Old English wacan "to wake up, arise," wacian "to be awake;" Old High German wahta "watch, vigil;" see wake (v.)). Meaning "watch kept on a festival eve" in English is from late 14c.; general sense of "occasion of keeping awake for some purpose" is recorded from 1711.
例文
1. She kept vigil at the bedside of her critically ill son.
彼女は一晩中病気の重い息子のベッドのそばにいた。
2.Mourners are to stage a candlelit vigil in Liverpool.
哀悼者はリバプールでろうそくの祈りを行う準備をしている。
3.Outside the building people continue their vigil ，hudding around bonfires.
家の外では、人々は焚き火のそばに押し合い、通夜を続けている。
4.She kept a vigil at Patrick 's bedside.彼女はパトリックのベッドのそばで夜を明かした。
5.They 've rescheduled the vigil for February 14 th.