what: [OE] What traces its history right back to Indo-European *qwod, which also produced Latin quod ‘what’. The Germanic descendant of this was *khwat, which has evolved into German was, Dutch wat, Swedish vad, Danish hvad, and English what.
what (pron.)
Old English hw?t, referring to things in abstraction; also "why, wherefore; indeed, surely, truly," from Proto-Germanic pronoun *hwat (cognates: Old Saxon hwat, Old Norse hvat, Danish hvad, Old Frisian hwet, Dutch wat, Old High German hwaz, German was, Gothic hva "what"), from PIE *kwod, neuter singular of *kwos "who" (see who). Corresponding to Latin quid.
Meaning "what did you say?" is recorded from c. 1300. As an adjective and adverb, in Old English. As a conjunction in late Old English. Exclamatory use was in Old English. What the _____ (devil, etc.) as an exclamation of surprise is from late 14c. As an interrogative expletive at the end of sentences from 1891; common in affected British speech. Or what as an alternative end to a question is first attested 1766. What have you "anything else one can think of" is from 1925. What's up? "what is happening?" first recorded 1881.
"To give one what for is to respond to his remonstrant what for? by further assault" [Weekley]. The phrase is attested from 1873; what for? as introducing a question is from 1760. To know what is what is from c. 1400; I'll tell you what to emphasize what is about to be said is in Shakespeare.
例文
1. For what do we live，but to make sport for our neighbours，and laugh at them in our turn？
私たちが生きているのは何のためですか。隣人を笑い者にして、逆に笑うことではない。
2.Instead of complaining about what 's wrong，be grateful for what 's right.
悪いことに文句を言わないで、良いことに感謝してください。
毎日一言
3.A fellow doesn 't last long on what he has done.He 's got to keep on delivering as he goes along.--Carl Hubbell，Baseball Player
過去に完成したものでは成功を収めることができず、道で成績を出し続けなければならない。
毎日一言
4.The difference between who you are and who you want to be is what you do.