zenith: [14] Arabic samt arrās means literally ‘path over the head’. Samt ‘path, road’ made its way via Old Spanish zenit and Old French cenit into English as zenith, bringing with it the metaphorical application to the ‘point in the sky directly overhead’. The plural of samt, sumūt, is the ultimate source of English azimuth [14]. => azimuth
zenith (n.)
"point of the heavens directly overhead at any place," late 14c., from Old French cenith (Modern French zénith), from Medieval Latin cenit, senit, bungled scribal transliterations of Arabic samt "road, path," abbreviation of samt ar-ras, literally "the way over the head." Letter -m- misread as -ni-.
The Medieval Latin word could as well be influenced by the rough agreement of the Arabic term with classical Latin semita "sidetrack, side path" (notion of "thing going off to the side"), from se- "apart" + *mi-ta-, suffixed zero-grade form of PIE root *mei- (1) "to change" (see mutable). Figurative sense of "highest point or state" is from c. 1600.
例文
1. The zenith of Perugia 'sinfluence came with the defeat of Siena in 1358.1358年にシエナを破ってからペルージャの影響力は頂点に達した。
2.His career is now at its zenith .
彼の事業は今、最盛期にある。
3.The sun rises,reaches its zenith and sets.
太陽が昇り、最高点に達し、そして落下する。/
4.Opera reached its zenith at the turn of the century.
オペラは今世紀初頭にピークに達した。
5.It felt as if we had traveled from nadir to zenith .